Welding processes can generate ultraviolet (UV) radiation and extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields, potentially harmful to welders if exceeding safe limits. This study investigated occupational exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields, and ergonomic risks among welders in eight towns across Delta State, Nigeria: namely Asaba, Warri, Oleh, Burutu, Agbor, Sapele, Kwale, and Bomadi. Using a cross-sectional design, data was collected from 384 randomly selected welders. Field measurements assessed average UV irradiance (ranging from 0.13 W/m² in Burutu to 0.21 W/m² in Warri) and magnetic field flux density (generally below ICNIRP limits, except for 26.3 µT in Kwale). Questionnaires revealed prevalent ergonomic risks, with over 85% of participants reporting awkward postures and repetitive movements. PPE usage varied inconsistently between towns and welding specialties, with face shields and coveralls (62% and 69% usage, respectively) being most common. These findings highlight the need for enhanced awareness, improved safety practices, and appropriate PPE utilization to mitigate occupational hazards and promote healthier welding practices for welders in Delta State to mitigate occupational hazards and promote well-being.
Occupational Hazards; UV radiation; Magnetic fields; Ergonomic risks; Safety; Welding industry
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