Background: The basis of scientific research is gaining knowledge and in its use, often to improve the communities and the world. Therefore, high quality research can play a critical and important role in communities' development. The main objective of this survey was to explore the existing challenges that facing scientific research as well as to propose some suggestions that can help to overcome these obstacles. Methodology: It was a literature review, in which systematic reviews of published studies and meta-analysis were utilized. Data was collected from different sources nationally and internationally. A total of 181 articles related to the review title were accessed. After secondary reviewing, 138 articles had been excluded either by their titles which were found to be not related directly to our topic, or because the abstracts or full-text were considering an individual predictors. The remaining 43 full-text articles had been accessed and evaluated for eligibility based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Therefore, only 16 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis during the period from September, 2018 to January 2019. The databases that used were PubMed, Google Scholar, SAGE and Academic Search Complete Magazines and Journals (EBSCO). Results: Out of forty three articles that had been reviewed, sixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. This review revealed that the most major challenges that face research had been grouped into four main groups. These groups include scarcity of resources and funding, lack of motivation, lack of training, guidance and supervision, organizational obstacles and difficulties when collecting data. Conclusion: Considering the result of the research, the major challenges that facing research include scarcity of resources and funding, lack of motivation, lack of training, guidance and supervision, organizational obstacles and difficulties for obtaining data, which is accompanied by low demand for research by stakeholders. Research capacity building courses, collaboration and networking opportunities are urgently needed. Additionally, it was suggested that the two key ways to encourage strong research studies would involve rethinking the rewards system and building more transparency into the research process beside getting ways to increase grants for running the costs. Motivation and effective learning and training are also to be considered.
Scientific research, challenges, literature review
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