Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a refractory tumor that recurs and metastasizes repeatedly. The differential diagnosis between uterine leiomyoma (uterine fibroid) and uterine sarcoma that occurs in many adult women of all races is extremely difficult. In the current clinical management, treatment of uterine sarcoma is limited to surgical procedures. Therefore, it is desired to establish a molecular-targeted therapeutic method that has a life-prolonging effect. We reported that uterine sarcoma frequently occurs spontaneously in mice lacking the proteasome component low molecular protein 2/bl1 (LMP2/bl1). Therefore, we examined the expression status of LMP2/bl1 in biopsy tissues of various uterine mesenchymal tumors selected from pathological files by immunohistochemical staining. We reported that LMP2/bl1 expression was significantly attenuated in specifically uterine sarcoma. Malignant tumor stem cells have stronger antitumor drug resistance and radiation resistance than ordinary malignant tumor cells. Therefore, the presence of malignant tumor stem cells is considered to be a major cause of recurrence of malignant tumor cells after existing antitumor agents and radiotherapy. Currently, we have isolated stem-like cells from surgically excised human uterine sarcoma tissue, have been studying the biological characteristics of uterine sarcoma stem-like cells. From the results of our research to date, it was revealed that uterine sarcoma stem-like cells have a stronger hematogenous metastatic ability as compared with uterine sarcoma cells. The results of this research will provide useful medical information for the development of new treatments for uterine sarcoma with hematogenous metastatic potential.
Leiomyosarcoma, tumor stem cell, angiogenesis, hematogenous metastasis
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