Malaria is a major concern in Nigeria, and stands as the second leading cause of death from all infectious disease in Africa. Several studies have reported the damaging effect of the parasite to various body organs especially the liver. Reports over time has shown the benefits of various plants extracts in ethno-medicine. However, not much have been done on the effects of some of these extracts in combined form on its hepato-protective assessment in comparison with any known ACT based anti-malaria. The focus of this study was to explore the hepato-protective properties of ethanoic extract of Carica papaya Linn, AzadirachtaIndica, CymbopogonCitratusagainst ACT based antimalarial therapy on plasmodium berghei parasitized wistar rats. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts were done according to the method described by Treaseand Evans. Hepato-protective assessment were done using the liver function tests and assay of the liver histology respectively. One hundred and ten (110) rats distributed into 11 groups, each group having 10rats were used for the experiment. Negative control received just feed and water, Positive control were induced with the malaria parasite and given feed and water only. The tests groups were induced with malaria, received feed and water and treated with 500mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 165mg/kg doses of the extracts, both individually and in combined forms, as well as the standard ACT anti-malaria. Phytochemical screening showed that the plant extracts possessed high concentration of Tannins, Flavonoids, Saponins and Alkaloids. Plasmodium berghei increased the activities of ALP, ASP and ALT when compared with the positive control group. This may be attributed to increase in functional capacity of the liver as a result of the presence of the infection for the tests groups. Treatment with the plant extracts decreased ALP and ALT levels significantly (P<0.05), as well as AST levels except for the Neem extract. Histological examination of the liver of test animals showed no extensive damage to the tissue by the individual extracts when compared to the negative control group.
Hepato-protective, AzadirachtaIndica, Carica papaya Linn, CymbopogonCitratus, ethanol extract, plasmodium berghei, ACTs
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