Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by psychiatric and neurological symptoms that typically emerges during childhood or adolescence. Individuals with TS experience involuntary movements or sounds known as "tics." These tics can be categorized as simple, like eye blinking or shoulder shrugging, or complex, such as licking or jumping. Coprolalia is the most recognized symptom, involving complex vocal tics that cause involuntary swearing. TS is more commonly observed in boys than in girls. The gene responsible for Tourette syndrome is inherited as a dominant trait. An abnormality in either the dopaminergic or endorphin receptor system within the basal ganglia may be the cause. The primary objective of this article is to examine the developmental characteristics of Tourette syndrome in children and explore potential treatments for the condition in the future. The pathophysiology encompasses the mechanisms involving the direct pathway of the basal ganglia as well as the mechanism of dopamine. This review focuses on the management of Tourette Syndrome through various treatment approaches, including behavioral therapy and the use of pharmacological medications such as neuroleptics.
Tourette Syndrome (TS), Tics, Coprolalia, behavioural therapies, Neuroleptics
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