Oral route of drug administration is the most preferred and convenient method of drug administration, but due to the poor solubility of drug is the major drawback for the dissolution and bioavailability of that drug. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drug depends on the solubility of the drug molecule. Solid dispersion is defined as dispersion of one or more active pharmaceutical ingredient in water soluble carriers at solid state to increase the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs. Solid dispersion technique improves the dissolution rate of highly lipophilic drugs by enhancing bioavailability by means of decreasing particle size of drug, improving its wettability and forming amorphous particles of crystalline drugs. For preparation of solid dispersion carriers such as hydrophilic and hydrophobic are used. Nowadays the use of natural carriers is prepared over the synthetic carriers. Solid dispersion techniques are very effective and promising than conventional dosage forms. In this review we have mainly focused on historical background, introduction to solid dispersion, advantages and disadvantages, characterization of solid dispersion, method of preparation, applications, types of solid dispersion, carriers used in solid dispersion.
Solid Dispersion, Solubility, Dissolution, Bioavailability, Surfactant, Stability, Poorly soluble drug, Carriers, Solubility enhancement
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