Page 139 - Special Issue Modern Trends in Scientific Research and Development, Case of Asia

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
Special Issue on Modern Trends in Scientific Research and Development, Case of Asia
Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

The Role of Hemolytic Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli

(EPEC) in the Development of Diarrhea in Children,
its Features of Prevention and Treatment

Assistant Yusupov Mashrab Ismatillayevich , Shaykulov Hamza Shodiyevich
1
2
1 Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virusology and Immunology
2 Assistant of the Department of Microbiology, Virusology and Immunology
1,2 Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

ABSTRACT contaminated food or drinking water, or from person to
The article deals with a group of infectious diseases caused person through poor hygiene.
by pathogenic serotypes of Escherichia coli. Most often,
these bacteria cause acute intestinal disorders (intestinal Measures to prevent diarrhea, ensuring safe drinking
coli infection), and in young children and in weakened water, using improved sanitation, and hand washing with
persons, they can also cause damage to the urinary tract, soap and water, can help reduce the risk of illness.
sometimes the development of cholecystitis, meningitis, Diarrhea is treated with oral rehydration salts (ORS), a
and sepsis. Distinguish between enteropathogenic, mixture of pure water, salt and sugar. In addition, an
enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, enterohemorrhagic, additional course of treatment with 20 mg zinc tablets for
enteroadhesive infection and other infections. 10-14 days can shorten the duration of diarrhea and

improve results.
KEYWORDS: Infectious diseases, pathogen, E. coli, bacteria,
diarrhea
There are three clinical types of diarrhea:
INTRODUCTION ➢ Acute watery diarrhea — lasting hours or days and
The main facts
includes cholera;
➢ Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death among ➢ Acute bloody diarrhea - also called dysentery; and
children under five years of age. It can be prevented
and treated. ➢ Persistent diarrhea - lasts 14 or more days.
➢ Every year 525,000 children under the age of five die
from diarrhea. Incidence of diarrhea
➢ A significant proportion of diarrheal diseases can be Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of child mortality
prevented by providing safe drinking water and and morbidity in the world. It develops mainly as a result
adequate sanitation and hygiene. of the consumption of contaminated food and water.
➢ Approximately 1.7 billion cases of childhood Globally, about 780 million people lack access to
diarrhea are reported annually worldwide. improved water and 2.5 billion people lack access to
➢ Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of malnutrition basic sanitation. In developing countries, diarrhea caused
among children under five years of age. by infection is widespread.

In low-income countries, children under the age of three
Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children have diarrhea, on average, three times a year. Each time,
under five years of age, with 525,000 deaths annually. children are deprived of the nutrition they need to grow.
Diarrhea can last for several days and can drain the body
of water and salts it needs to survive. In the past, the As a result, diarrhea is one of the leading causes of
main causes of death associated with diarrhea were malnutrition, and children who are malnourished are
more likely to develop diarrhea.
dehydration and fluid loss in most cases. Currently, an
increasing proportion of all deaths attributable to Dehydration
diarrhea are attributed to other causes, such as septic The most significant threat posed by diarrhea is
bacterial infections. Children who are malnourished or dehydration or dehydration. During diarrhea, water and
those with weakened immunity are at greatest risk of electrolytes (sodium, chlorine, potassium, and
life-threatening diarrhea.
bicarbonate) are excreted from the body in loose stools,
vomiting, sweat, urine, and respiration. Dehydration
Diarrhea is defined as loose or loose stools three or more occurs if these losses are not reimbursed.
times a day (or more often than usual for a particular
person). Frequent bowel movements are not diarrhea.
Loose, "pasty" stools of breastfed babies are also not
diarrhea. Diarrhea is usually a symptom of an intestinal
tract infection that can be caused by various bacteria,
viruses, and parasites. Infection spreads through

ID: IJTSRD38048 | Special Issue on Modern Trends in Scientific Research and Development, Case of Asia Page 134