Page 41 - IJTSRD.com - Special Issue - 2nd International Congress of Engineering

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
nd
Special Issue of 2 International Congress of Engineering
Within companies, they seek to have their all their It was he who first used the term correlation in a study
processes under control, the essential characteristics presented in 1846 at the Academy of Sciences in
of a process are: variability: never two results are France. However, Pearson (1965) will indicate that
exactly the same and repeatability: the more Bravais, when studying the theory of errors, did not
repetitions the more experience (García, 2016). In the consider correlated random variables, but considered
modern business world Pelayo (S / A) says that the errors independent of each other; therefore, did not
concept of management has been installed, although arrive at a true idea of the correlation, as we know it
this term may be broad or unclear we will refer to today. Devore, (2005) notes that the term regression
management as defined by ISO 9000-2000 in point was first used as a statistical concept in 1877 by Sir
3.2 .6 where management is defined as "Coordinated Francis Galton, who conducted a study that showed
Activities to direct and control an organization". This that the height of children born to high parents tended
concept of management is also the one that uses the to regress or "regress "Towards the average height of
National Quality Award (1999) in its bases. the population. He designated the word regression as
the name of the general process of predicting a
Companies today use regression analysis to forecast variable (the height of the children) from another (the
future data, but many of them are SMEs unaware that stature of the father or the mother). Later, statisticians
there are mathematical models that help predict this coined the term multiple regression to describe the
data. Varela and Reyes (2009) point out that the process by which several variables are used to predict
purpose of forecasts is to predict the future another.
development of different projects, to assist in decision
making on projection measures such as the level of Morales and Parra (2016) point out that, in an
investment, production, and other measures that environment of uncertainty, where decision making is
influence, lesser degree, on the tendency of the object increasingly complex, the preparation of forecasts is a
raised, in our case the measures and actions that could very useful tool for managers, since they are
be taken is in the level of preferences of the necessary to establish the general course of the
population with respect to the sector of white line. organization both over a long period through long-
term forecasts and in a short period designing
Quality today is fundamental for the assurance of immediate strategies to meet future needs through
conforming products, with statistical control of short-term forecasts.
quality being fundamental (Díaz, Bautista and Ortiz,
2013). For this reason, it is established the need to Reyes (2009) mentions that prior to the 1950s the
engage simple linear regression analysis in the efforts developed at the time were limited to analysts,
forecast of a production process, in order to know if despite handling some theories of linear regression
the company knows well the subject of forecast and, and decomposition of time series, lack of appropriate
in turn, to know if it uses well the techniques of linear data and tedious calculations required to obtain a
regression. It has been detected that the employees of forecast.
the company under study make their forecasts in an
archaic way and are unaware of the aforementioned A forecast is information with a certain degree of
issues. probability of what might happen. The probability of
success is a direct function of the preparation of the
REGRESSION ANALYSIS forecasts. In other words, the result of the planning
and operation of the company is directly linked to the
The oldest discipline seems to have made a special certainty of the forecasts (Grijalva, 2009). Everett and
pact, to contribute (almost all), each from its point of Ronald (1991) mention that a forecast is a process of
view, to the "gestation, birth and upbringing" of units, estimating a future event, projecting data from the
which later would be associated to constitute that past into the future. Past data is systematically
conceptual body called Statistics and Soto, 1988). combined by default to estimate the future. Zurita

(2010) argues that forecasts support decision-making
Seal (1967) points out that Augusto Bravais
contributed to the development of this theory from in different areas of business management: sales
another field: astronomy, when studying the errors in forecasting will help design the production plan,
the measurements of the coordinates of space bodies. forecast commodity price developments, supplies, etc.
Zeissig (2010) argues that forecasts can be estimated

@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Special Issue Publication | November 2017 P - 19